The light-weighting of rail vehicles can effectively reduce energy consumption. In particular, rail vehicles such as subways and multiple units need to restart frequently from a stationary state. The heavier the vehicle, the higher the energy consumption required for startup. Using PMI foam sandwich structures in parts such as the roofs, floors, and side walls of rail vehicles can reduce the overall vehicle weight by 25% to 30% without compromising structural rigidity. For designers in the rail transit industry, this is an especially suitable light-weighting solution.